宿主机：Ubuntu-22.04 Docker容器：Ubuntu-18.04 OpenFOAM版本：v2.3.1

问题描述

Ubuntu-22.04中的gcc-11版本过高，无法编译低版本OpenFOAM（v2.3.1需要gcc-4.8~5.5）。

解决方案

• 创建基于Ubuntu-18.04的Docker容器
• 搭建OpenFOAM编译环境
• 建立宿主机OpenFOAM代码与算例的目录到docker目录的映射
• 宿主机下修改代码
• Docker容器中编译代码，执行算例
• 宿主机下Tecplot/Paraview查看结果

依赖

1. 查看官方教程安装docker。
2. 设置免ROOT使用docker命令

具体步骤

拉取OpenFOAM231-docker脚本

例如放到$HOME/github文件夹

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cd $HOME/github
git clone https://github.com/TimoLin/openfoam231-docker.git

或者

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git clone git@github.com:TimoLin/openfoam231-docker.git

创建of231镜像

运行脚本prepareOpenFOAM231.sh:

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./prepareOpenFOAM231.sh

输出如下：

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*******************************************************
Following Docker containers are present on your system:
*******************************************************
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                   CREATED       STATUS                   PORTS     NAMES
64ee332b50a6   caecf4ca1e48   "/bin/sh -c 'sh -c \"…"   2 hours ago   Exited (1) 2 hours ago             crazy_benz
WM_CC
*******************************************************

Creating Docker OpenFOAM container openfoam231
8ea1e4429ac9ea43df1c58ed206427383771c9724e757b369686d9440e2dc465
Container openfoam231 was created.
*******************************************************
Run the ./startOpenFOAM script to launch container
*******************************************************

使用镜像

首先在宿主机$HOME/OpenFOAM文件夹下创建OpenFOAM环境变量文件of-env.bashrc，内容如下：

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source $HOME/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-2.3.1/etc/bashrc WM_NCOMPPROCS=4 WM_MPLIB=SYSTEMOPENMPI
export WM_CC='gcc-5'
export WM_CXX='g++-5'
export WM_NCOMPPROCS=4
export WM_MPLIB=SYSTEMOPENMPI

运行脚本startOpenFOAM231.sh

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./startOpenFOAM231.sh

输出：

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Entering container openfoam231:8ea1e4429ac9...
8ea1e4429ac9% 

在docker中激活openfoam环境：

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of231

最后可以编译或运行算例了。

Appendix

Docker镜像相关

创建docker镜像：

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docker build - < Dockerfile

打tag：

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docker tag REPLACE_WITH_DOCKER_IMAGE_ID ztnuaa/openfoam231:latest

登录dockerhub：

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docker login

推送到dockerhub：

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docker push ztnuaa/openfoam231:latest

向已有的镜像中添加挂载目录

参考这个方法stackoverflow：

1. 首先关闭Docker服务

   1	systemctl stop docker.service

2. 找到容器ID与文件路径

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   # 在该命令的输出中，查找你想要修改的容器的ID docker container ls -a # 替换“<>”为你的ID，找到容器文件的路径 cd /var/lib/docker/containers/<YOUR_CONTAINER_ID>

   查看目录下的文件ls -lht，比如输出为：

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   -rw-r----- 1 root root 7.0M Dec 11 16:35 8ea1e4429ac9ea43df1c58ed206427383771c9724e757b369686d9440e2dc465-json.log -rw------- 1 root root 4.6K Dec 11 16:11 config.v2.json -rw------- 1 root root 1.6K Dec 11 16:11 hostconfig.json -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Dec 11 16:11 hostname -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 174 Dec 11 16:11 hosts -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 806 Dec 11 16:11 resolv.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 71 Dec 11 16:11 resolv.conf.hash drwx--x--- 2 root root 4.0K Sep 26 17:02 mounts drwx------ 2 root root 4.0K Sep 26 17:02 checkpoints

3. 修改config.v2.json配置文件，找到“MountPoints”关键字，在其中添加你想要挂载的目录，例如： 原始内容：

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   "MountPoints": { "/etc/group": { "Source": "/etc/group", "Destination": "/etc/group", "RW": false, "Name": "", "Driver": "", "Type": "bind", "Relabel": "ro", "Propagation": "rprivate", "Spec": { "Type": "bind", "Source": "/etc/group", "Target": "/etc/group", "ReadOnly": true }, "SkipMountpointCreation": false } }

   挂载宿主机目录/home/<USER>/Data/simulation到容器目录/home/<USER>/calc下：

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   "MountPoints": { "/etc/group": { "Source": "/etc/group", "Destination": "/etc/group", "RW": false, "Name": "", "Driver": "", "Type": "bind", "Relabel": "ro", "Propagation": "rprivate", "Spec": { "Type": "bind", "Source": "/etc/group", "Target": "/etc/group", "ReadOnly": true }, "SkipMountpointCreation": false }, "/home/<USER>/calc": { "Source": "/home/<USER>/Data/simulation", "Destination": "/home/<USER>/calc", "RW": false, "Name": "", "Driver": "", "Type": "bind", "Relabel": "ro", "Propagation": "rprivate", "Spec": { "Type": "bind", "Source": "/home/<USER>/Data/simulation", "Target": "/home/<USER>/calc", "ReadOnly": true }, "SkipMountpointCreation": false } }

4. 重启docker服务：

   1	systemctl start docker.service

5. 进入容器：

   1	docker start <YOUR_CONTAINER_ID>